Tuesday, August 14, 2018

Karika 18

जननमरणकरणानांAlternative: जन्ममरणकरणानां प्रतिनियमादयुगपत्प्रवृत्तेश्च।
पुरुषबहुत्वं सिद्धं त्रैगुण्यविपर्ययाच्चैव॥ १८॥

Translation by Henry Thomas Colebrooke (1837): Since birth, death, and the instruments of life are allotted severally; since occupations are not at once universal; and since qualities affect variously; multitude of souls is demonstrated.
Translation by John Davies (1881): From the separate allotment of birth, death, and the organs; from the diversity of occupations at the same time, and also from the different conditions (or modifications) of the three modes, it is proved that there is a plurality of souls.
Translation by Ganganath Jha (1896): From allotment of birth, death, and the organs; (2) from the non-simultaneity of actions (with different individuals); and (3) from the different modifications of the Attributes - the plurality of Spirits is established.
Translation by Nandalal Sinha (1915): From the individual allotment of birth, death and the Instruments, from non-simultaneous activity (towards the same end), and from the diverse modification of the three Guṇas, multitude of Puruṣas is verily established.
Translation by Har Dutt Sharma (1933): The plurality of the Spirits is established, because birth, death and organs are allotted separately; because there is no activity at one time, and because there are different modifications of the three Attributes.
Translation by Radhanath Phukan (1960): The incidence of birth and death and the action of the Indriyas being different for different individuals; all men not having the same inclinations at the same time; the thoughts arising out of the action of the three Guṇas being different for different men - it follows that souls (Puruṣas) are many (each man having a separate soul).
Translation by Swami Virupakshananda (1995): The multiplicity of the Spirit is verily established (1) from the individual allotment of birth, death and the instruments, (2) from the non-simultaneity of activities, and (3) from the diverse modifications due to the three guṇas.
Translation by G. Srinivasan (recent): Since the causative action leading to aggregation and dissolution or creation and destruction are not simultaneous or instantaneous at the nuclear interface, the holistic logical conclusion is that there must be many nuclei or individual core components (purusha) and also because the reversal of interactions of the triad of forces (gunas) produce multiple types of phenomenon (whereas it should have been singular otherwise).

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